Abstract: To solve the problem of poor surface quality of titanium alloy in conventional cutting, two-dimensional ultrasonic assisted cutting was applied to the processing of titanium alloy. The ultrasonic vibration cutting theory of titanium alloy was analyzed to find out the factors affecting the tool path and cutting force. The titanium alloy surface cutting experiment based on 2D ultrasonic vibration was designed to study the influences of ultrasonic vibration on cutting force, workpiece surface morphology and tool life. The results show that compared with conventional cutting, 2D ultrasonic vibration assisted cutting can effectively reduce the cutting force, reduces the impact of machining process on the tool, and improves the tool life. Under the same processing conditions, the cutting force of 2D ultrasonic vibration assisted machining is reduced by 47.7%, the average height of workpiece surface profile is reduced by 40.9%, and the service life of the tool is nearly doubled.