Research on grinding quality and removal mechanism of polycrystalline diamond tools
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摘要: 针对聚晶金刚石（PCD）刀具的研磨质量问题，选择刃口钝圆半径、刃口缺陷度、后刀面粗糙度作为评价指标进行工艺参数的优化试验，并分析PCD的研磨去除机理。结果表明：工作台调定压力对刃口钝圆半径影响最显著；金刚石砂轮对刃口缺陷度影响最显著；砂轮转速对后刀面粗糙度影响最显著。选择4/5陶瓷基金刚石砂轮、1 000 r/min砂轮转速、170 N工作台调定压力可以获得研磨质量较高的PCD刀具。试验条件下，PCD的主要去除方式为划擦作用与微细破碎。1 000 r/min砂轮转速、170 N工作台调定压力下的微细破碎在保证较小刃口钝圆半径与刃口缺陷度的同时，可以获得相对平整的PCD表面。Abstract: Aiming at grinding quality of polycrystalline diamond (PCD) tools, the grinding experiment was carried out to optimize the process parameters with cutting edge radius, cutting edge defect and flank roughness as the indexes. The grinding removal mechanism of PCD was also studied. The results show that the worktable setting pressure has the most significant effect on cutting edge radius. The diamond grinding wheel has the most significant effect on cutting edge defect. The grinding wheel speed has the most significant effect on flank roughness. PCD tools with high grinding quality can be obtained by using 4/5 ceramic-based diamond grinding wheel, 1 000 r/min grinding wheel speed and 170 N worktable setting pressure. Under the experimental conditions, the main removal methods of PCD are sliding effect and micro cracking. Smaller cutting edge radius, cutting edge defect and smoother surface of PCD can be obtained by micro cracking under the 1 000 r/min grinding wheel speed and the 170 N worktable setting pressure.
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Key words:
- PCD tools /
- orthogonal test /
- parameter optimization /
- grinding removal mechanism
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图 5 刃口钝圆半径正交试验结果
Figure 5. Orthogonal test results of blunt circle radius of cutting edge
图 9 刀具2（6/8金属基，1 000 r/min，170 N）
Figure 9. Tool 2 (6/8 metal base, 1 000 r/min, 170 N)
图 10 刀具3（6/8金属基，1 200 r/min，170 N）
Figure 10. Tool 3 (6/8 metal base, 1 200 r/min, 170 N)
图 11 刀具4（6/8金属基，1 000 r/min，70 N）
Figure 11. Tool 4 (6/8 metal base, 1 000 r/min, 70 N)
图 12 刀具5（6/8金属基，1 000 r/min，270 N）
Figure 12. Tool 5 (6/8 metal base, 1 000 r/min, 270 N)
表 1 PCD刀具研磨工艺正交试验
Table 1. Orthogonal test of PCD tool grinding process
水平 A
金刚石砂轮
B
砂轮转速
n / (r·min−1)C
工作台调定压力
F / N1 4/5陶瓷基 800 70 2 6/8金属基 1 000 170 3 6/8金属基
（拟水平）1 200 270 
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表 2 PCD刀具研磨工艺正交试验结果
Table 2. Orthogonal test results of PCD tool grinding process
试验号 A B C 刃口钝圆半径 ${\gamma _{\text{β }}}$ / μm 刃口缺陷度 $\Delta r$ / μm 后刀面粗糙度 Sa / μm 1 4/5陶瓷基 800 70 7.5 6.5 0.056 2 4/5陶瓷基 1 000 170 7.6 6.1 0.039 3 4/5陶瓷基 1 200 270 7.9 7.2 0.054 4 6/8金属基 800 170 7.4 9.4 0.060 5 6/8金属基 1 000 270 7.8 8.9 0.046 6 6/8金属基 1 200 70 8.2 9.3 0.068 7 6/8金属基 800 270 8.9 9.4 0.052 8 6/8金属基 1 000 70 8.1 8.3 0.051 9 6/8金属基 1 200 170 7.3 7.9 0.051
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表 3 极差分析结果
Table 3. Range analysis results
优化指标 水平 因素在各水平下均值 A B C 刃口钝圆半径 ${\gamma _{\text{β }}}$ / μm 1 7.7 7.9 7.9 2 8.0 7.8 7.4 3 7.8 8.2 极差 0.3 0.1 0.8 刃口缺陷度 $\Delta r$ / μm 1 6.6 8.4 8.0 2 8.9 7.8 7.8 3 8.1 8.5 极差 2.3 0.6 0.7 后刀面粗糙度 Sa / μm 1 0.050 0.056 0.051 2 0.055 0.048 0.052 3 0.058 0.056 极差 0.005 0.013 0.005
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