孕镶金刚石钻头钻进花岗岩岩屑特性室内试验研究

康鑫; 段隆臣; 刘卫卫; 谭松成; 和大钊

doi:10.13394/j.cnki.jgszz.2022.3001

孕镶金刚石钻头钻进花岗岩岩屑特性室内试验研究

doi: 10.13394/j.cnki.jgszz.2022.3001

1.
济南市勘察测绘研究院, 济南 250000
2.
中国地质大学(武汉) 工程学院, 武汉 430074

详细信息

作者简介:
康鑫，男，1993年生，硕士、工程师。主要研究方向：金刚石工具与钻探工程。E-mail：1677916173@qq.com

通讯作者:
段隆臣，男，1967年生，教授、博士生导师。主要研究方向：岩石破碎学与金刚石工具。E-mail：duanlongchen@163.com

中图分类号: P634
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- 被引次数: 0
出版历程
- 收稿日期: 2022-06-15
- 修回日期: 2022-08-29
- 录用日期: 2022-09-03
- 刊出日期: 2023-02-20

Experimental study on rock cutting characteristics of granite broken by impregnated diamond bit

1.
Jinan Institute of Survey and Investigation, Jinan 250000, China
2.
Engineering Faculty, China University of Geosciences, Wuhan, 430074 China

摘要

摘要: 岩屑的特征参数是影响其环空上返的一个重要因素。为研究孕镶金刚石钻头钻进花岗岩所产生的岩屑特性，开展室内微钻试验。研究发现碎岩产生的岩屑在一定范围内呈单峰值分布，且岩屑粒度分布范围与钻压、转速等钻进参数有关；在一定程度上岩屑峰值粒径随着钻压的增大而变大，随着转速的增大而变小。进一步显微观察岩屑形貌特征，发现岩屑颗粒基本小于岩石原矿物颗粒尺寸，且岩屑颗粒多呈单一矿物成分，较少有多种矿物相互混杂的岩屑颗粒；显微观察岩屑与岩石表面形貌特征，发现孕镶金刚石钻头钻进花岗岩时以体积破碎的方式为主、塑形微切削方式为辅。
- 孕镶金刚石钻头 /
- 花岗岩 /
- 岩屑特性 /
- 钻进参数 /
- 室内试验
Abstract: The characteristics of rock cuttings are important factors affecting their annulus upward return. The indoor micro drilling experiment was carried out to study the characteristics of rock cuttings produced by impregnated diamond bit breaking granite. It is found that the rock cuttings produced by broken rock show single peak distribution in a certain range, and that the distribution is related to drilling parameters such as WOB and rotating speed. To some extent, the peak particle size of cuttings increases with the increase of WOB and decreases with the increase of rotating speed. Further microscopic observation on the morphological characteristics of rock cuttings shows that the particle size of rock cuttings is basically smaller than that of original minerals, and that most of the rock cuttings are of single mineral composition. Further observation on the morphology characteristics of rock cuttings and rock surface shows that the impregnated diamond bit drilling granite is mainly in the form of volume crushing, supplemented by plastic micro cutting.
- impregnated diamond bit /
- granite /
- cutting characteristics /
- drilling parameters /
- laboratory test

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图 1 微型钻头结构示意图及试验钻头

Figure 1. Structural diagram of micro bit and finished bit

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图 2 试验岩样实物

Figure 2. Rock sample

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图 3 微钻岩屑收集平台模型及钻进示意图

Figure 3. Micro drilling platform model and drilling diagram

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图 4 不同钻进参数条件下岩屑粒径分布图

Figure 4. Particle size distribution of rock cuttings under different drilling parameters

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图 5 岩屑形貌显微观察

Figure 5. Microscopic observation of rock cuttings

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图 6 岩屑形貌特征显微观察

Figure 6. Microscopic observation of morphological characteristics of rock debris

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图 7 岩石试验样品薄片分析

Figure 7. Analyzing test slice of rock

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图 8 岩石矿物破碎形式

Figure 8. Rock mineral crushing form

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图 9 金刚石出刃效果图

Figure 9. Effect drawing of diamond cutting edge

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图 10 激光共聚焦显微镜或三维仿真的岩屑切削脱落痕迹

Figure 10. Cutting and falling off traces of rock debris under laser confocal microscope or 3D simulation

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图 11 岩石表面切削痕迹

Figure 11. Cutting marks on rock surface

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表 1 花岗岩中各矿物成分含量

Table 1. Contents of mineral components in granite

矿物成分	质量分数 w / %
正长石	60
斜长石	15
石英	15
黑云母	5
其他	5

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表 2 理论范围值与实际岩屑粒径对比

Table 2. Comparison between theoretical range and actual range of rock debris particle size

对比类型	岩屑粒径 d_g / mm
克取深度范围	0.034～0.051
岩屑粒径范围	0.040～0.250
岩屑粒径峰值	0.075
岩屑含量比例 R / %	粒径小于克取深度	粒径大于克取深度
岩屑含量比例 R / %	18.67	81.33

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