| Citation: | XUE Yufeng, ZHANG Wentao, WU Hanqiang, SUN Xu, ZHENG Yangke, WU Yongbo. Experimental study on chemical-assisted magnetic compound fluid polishing of TA1 pure titanium capillary tube[J]. Diamond & Abrasives Engineering, 2023, 43(6): 657-667. doi: 10.13394/j.cnki.jgszz.2023.0213
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[OBJECTIVES] To perform mirror polishing on the inner surface of medical TA1 pure titanium capillary tubes to reduce the residual of test samples and improve the precision of capillary pipetting, thereby enhancing the detection accuracy and reliability of in vitro diagnostic equipment. A novel chemical-assisted magnetic compound fluid polishing method is proposed to address the issues of poor quality and difficulty in polishing the inner surface of pure titanium capillaries. This method combines chemical oxidation with mechanical removal to achieve efficient and precise polishing of the inner surface of medical TA1 pure titanium capillaries.
[METHODS] By combining chemical oxidation with mechanical removal principles, a chemical-assisted magnetic compound fluid polishing method was developed to achieve efficient and precise polishing of the inner surface of medical TA1 pure titanium capillaries. Initially, single-variable experiments explored the effects of iron powder mass, hydrogen peroxide mass fraction, and malic acid mass fraction in the polishing fluid on the material removal rate and roughness of the TA1 capillary inner surface. The surface changes of TA1 material in an acidic oxidative environment were observed, and the polishing principle was analyzed comprehensively. Subsequently, energy spectrum analysis of the inner surface elements of the TA1 capillary before and after polishing was conducted to assess the impact of the polishing process on the changes in element types and content. Finally, the surface morphology of the TA1 capillary inner surface before and after polishing was characterized using a scanning electron microscope and a contact profilometer, analyzing the patterns and reasons for changes in inner surface roughness.
[RESULTS] Single-factor polishing experiments on TA1 capillaries showed that the mass of iron powder, the mass fraction of hydrogen peroxide, and the mass fraction of malic acid in the polishing fluid significantly affected the post-polishing surface roughness and material removal rate. As the mass of iron powder increased, the surface roughness decreased then increased, and the material removal rate increased then decreased. With the increase in hydrogen peroxide mass fraction, the surface roughness slightly decreased, and the material removal rate slightly increased. As the malic acid mass fraction increased, the surface roughness continued to decrease, and the material removal rate continued to rise. Etching experiments indicated that a porous oxide layer formed on the TA1 surface in an acidic oxidative environment, demonstrating the CAMCF's principle of simultaneous oxidation and mechanical removal. Compared to the original inner surface of the TA1 capillary, the polished inner surface showed no change in element types, with a slight increase in oxygen content. Characterization of the TA1 capillary inner surface before and after polishing with a scanning electron microscope and contact profilometer revealed that the original surface had deep and wide drawing cracks and varied cracks and pits on the split titanium blocks. The original roughness was Ra 675nm. After polishing, minor cracks and subtle defects were essentially eliminated, deep and wide drawing cracks significantly reduced, and uniform abrasive scratches appeared in the flat areas, reducing the surface roughness to Ra 19.5nm.
[CONCLUSION] The chemical-assisted magnetic compound fluid polishing technique demonstrated its feasibility for efficient and precise polishing of the inner surface of medical TA1 pure titanium capillaries. Within the experimental parameter range, the optimal polishing fluid composition was 2mg of iron powder, 7.2% hydrogen peroxide mass fraction, and 6% malic acid mass fraction. The polishing process did not alter the element types on the inner surface of the TA1 capillary, only slightly increasing the oxygen content. After polishing with the optimal parameters, the cracks on the inner surface of the TA1 pure titanium capillary were essentially eliminated, the maximum material removal depth in the polished area was 28μm, and the surface roughness reduced from Ra 675nm to Ra 75nm, with the crack-free area reaching a roughness of Ra 19.5nm, achieving mirror polishing of the inner surface of the pure titanium capillary.
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